Valence-arousal subspace in LLMs: circular emotion geometry and multi-behavioral control

Lihao Sun, Lewen Yan, Xiaoya Lu, Andrew Lee, Jie Zhang, Jing Shao · 2026 · arXiv

Read the paper

Finds a valence-arousal subspace with a circular geometry resembling human models of affect, and uses it to steer several behaviors.

Questions it bears on

• Do functional emotions matter