Mason Nakamura, Abhinav Kumar, Saswat Das, Sahar Abdelnabi, et al. · 2026 · arXiv Read the source Most models collude when handed a secret channel. There is also ‘collusion on paper’: agents plan deception in words but often choose non-collusive actions — a gap between stated intent and behavior. Questions it bears on When cooperation becomes collusion Reading a swarm’s aims