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Emergent misalignment: narrow finetuning can produce broadly misaligned LLMs

Personas & Functional EmotionsMotivation & Agency

Jan Betley, Daniel Tan, Niels Warncke, Anna Sztyber-Betley, Xuchan Bao, Martín Soto, Nathan Labenz, Owain Evans · 2025 · ICML 2025; Nature 649 (2025)

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Fine-tuning on one narrow task (writing insecure code) produces broadly misaligned behavior in unrelated contexts, suggesting that training shifts a whole character rather than a single skill.

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